Im-bn-¡-c _m-_p 

tem-I Nn-{X-I-e-bn-se F-¡m-e-s¯-bpw C-´y³ A-`n-am-\-am-b a-Jv-_q ^n-Zm lp-k-bv-s\ kv-a-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ, "F-sâ lr-Z-bw F-t¸m-gpw C-´y-bn-em-bn-cn-¡pw' F-¶ Pz-en-¡p-¶ hm-¡p-I-fm-Wp HmÀ-an-¡p-¶-Xv. C-´y-sb X-sâ B-ßm-hm-bm-Wp Im-Wp-¶-sX-¶pw k-am-\-X-I-fn-Ãm-¯ Cu {]-Xn-`m-[-\³ B-hÀ-¯n-¨p-sIm-tWvS-bn-cp-¶p. sIm-tfm-Wn-b BÀ-«nÂ-\n-¶p hn-`n-¶-am-bn Nn-{X-I-e-bv-¡p \-½p-sS kw-kv-Im-c-¯n-sâ ap-Jw \Â-Ip-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p lp-k-bv³. X-\-Xp-h-gn-bn-eq-sS k-©-cn-¨v tem-I-¯n-sâ ap³-\n-c-bn `m-c-Xo-b Nn-{X-I-e-sb {]-Xn-jvTn-¡m-\m-bn F-¶-Xp-X-s¶-bm-Wv lp-k-bv-\n-se I-em-Im-c-s\ th-dn-«p-\nÀ-¯p-¶ L-S-I-hpw. 

B-[p-\n-I C-´y³ Nn-{X-I-e ssI-h-cn-¨ t\-«-§Ä lp-k-bv-sâ kw-`m-h-\-I-fm k-¼-¶-am-Wv. ]qÀ-W-am-bpw tZ-io-b-X-bn A-Sn-bp-d-¨ c-N-\-IfmWv A-t±-l-¯n-tâXv. C-´y-bp-sS C-Xn-lm-k-§-sf X-sâ h-iy-kp-µ-c-am-b Zr-iy-`m-j-sIm-WvSp lp-k-bv³ {]-Im-i-am-\-am-¡n. ]m-c-¼-cy-¯n Du-¶n-\n-¶p-sIm-WvSv \-½p-sS Nn-{X-I-e-bv-¡p lp-k-bv³ ]p-Xn-b Zn-im-t_m-[w \Â-In. H-¸w ]p-Xp-a-bp-sS ]-cym-b-am-b Iyq-_n-k-s¯-bpw a-äpw tNÀ-¯p-]n-Sn-¡m-\m-sb-¶ {]-tXy-I-X-bpw a-lm-\m-b Cu I-em-Im-c-\p kz-´w. 

C-´y³- Nn-{X-I-e-bv-¡v B-tKm-f-am-\w \Â-In-b lp-k-bv³, cm-Py-s¯ G-ä-hpw P-\-{]n-b Nn-{X-Im-c-\m-bn-cp-¶p. a-\p-jy-Po-hn-X-hp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸-« D-Zm-¯-am-b B-i-b-§Ä {]-Xn-^-en-¸n-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv A-t±-l-¯n-sâ c-N-\-IÄ. h-c-I-fn-eq-sS Fw F-^v P-\-§-fp-am-bn kw-h-Zn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. C-Xp-X-s¶-bm-Wp lp-k-bv³ Nn-{X-§-fp-sS Hu-¶-Xy-¯n-\p Im-c-Ww. Nn-{X-§Ä am-{X-a-Ã, Po-hn-Xw X-s¶-bpw P-\-Io-b-am-bn-cp-¶p. sN-cn-¸p [-cn-¡m-sX-bpw ]m-h-§Ä-s¡m-¸w sX-cp-hp-I-fn A-e-ªpw A-hn-sS-\n-¶p Nn-{Xw h-c-¨pw A-h-cn-sem-cm-fm-bn am-dp-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p lp-k-bv³. tlm-fn-hp-Uv Xm-c-§Ä-s¡m-¸w apw-ss_-bn-se Hm-hp-Nm-ep-I-fn-se ]-«n-Wn-t¡m-e-§-sf-bpw \n-d-¡q-«n Nm-en-¨ A-t±-l-¯n-sâ kr-ãn-I-sf km-[m-c-W-¡m-cpw _p-²n-Po-hn-I-fpw H-cp-t]m-se s\-t©-än. Xm³ Po-hn-¨ Im-e-L-«-¯n-sâ i-Ð-hpw N-e-\-hpw DÄ-s¡m-Åp-¶-Xn lp-k-bv-\n-se I-em-Im-c³ hn-P-bn-¨p. kp-º-e-£v-an-bp-sS A-Xn-a-t\m-l-c-am-b Nn-{X-¯n-\v cq-]w-\Â-In-b Fw F-^v ]-d-ªp: ""Hm-tcm kv-{Xo-bn-epw Rm-³ F-sâ A-½-sb Im-Wp-¶p. kv-{Xo-Xz-am-Wv C-´y-bp-sS i-àn.''

Fw F-^v lp-k-bv³ F-¶pw \-s½ A-Zv-`p-X-s¸-Sp-¯p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. C-´-y³ Nn-{X-I-e-bn hn-kv-t^m-S-\-§Ä-¡p h-gn-Xp-d-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p A-t±-lw. ¢m-kn-¡Â I-e-I-sf-bpw k-a-Im-eo-\-ssi-en-sb-bpw k-a-\z-bn-¸n-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p lp-k-bv³. lp-k-bv³ Nn-{X-§-fn-eq-sS B-[p-\n-I C-´y³ Nn-{X-I-e-bp-sS Im-´n-bpw aq-ey-hpw hÀ-[n-¡p-¶-Xp -I-WvSv tem-Iw X-s¶ ]-I-¨p-t]m-b-Xm-bn Im-Wmw. au-en-I-X DÄ-s¡m-WvS-Xpw ku-µ-cym-ß-I-hpw hn-hm-Z-]-c-hp-am-b A-h- Nn-{X-I-e-bn-se A-aq-ey-c-Xv-\-§-fm-bm-Wp hn-e-bn-cp-¯-s¸-«-Xv. C-´y-³ Nn-{X-I-e-bv-¡p lp-k-bv-\n-eq-sS A-´m-cm-{ã-X-e-¯n-ep-WvSm-b aq-ey-hÀ-[-\-bpw A-Xn-i-bn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xm-bn. 

C-´y³ kw-kv-Im-c-¯n-epw ]p-cm-W-§-fn-epw-\n-¶v DuÀ-Pw DÄ-s¡m-WvSm-Wv Fw F-^v Nn-{X-I-e-bp-sS ]-S-hp-IÄ I-b-dn-b-Xv. "Rm³ G-ä-hpw C-ã-s¸-Sp-¶ I-Y-IÄ a-lm-`m-c-X-¯n-te-Xpw cm-am-b-W-¯n-te-Xp-am-Wv' F-¶ sh-fn-s¸-Sp-¯Â {i-t²-bw. t£-{X-I-e-bn-epw ln-µp ^n-tem-k-^n-bn-epw A-Km-[-am-b Úm-\-ap-WvSm-bn-cp-¶ lp-k-bv-sâ Xp-d-¶ Nn-´-I-tfm-Sv Xm-Zm-ßyw {]m-]n-¡m³ Nn-eÀ-s¡-¦n-epw I-gn-ªn-Ã. H-cp I-em-kr-ãn-sb-¶ \n-e-bn \-Kv-\-cq-]-§-sf Nn-{X-Im-c-sâ ho-£-W-`m-h-§-tfm-sS hn-e-bn-cp-¯p-¶-Xn C-¡q-«À {]-I-S-am-¡n-b k-Xy-k-Ô-a-Ãm-¯ F-Xn-À-¸p-IÄ tI-h-e-a-cym-Z-IÄ t]m-epw ew-Ln-¡-s¸-«p. \nÀ-`m-Ky-h-imÂ, k-¦p-Nn-X-a-\-kv-IÀ lp-k-bv-s\-t¸m-ep-Å H-cp a-lm-{]-Xn-`-sb, a-X-¯n-sâ ]-cn-th-jw \Â-In B-{I-an-¨p t\-«-§Ä sIm-¿m³ {i-an-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv tem-Iw I-WvS-Xv. 1970 h-c-¨ Nn-{X-¯n-s\-Xn-tc ap-d-hn-fn-Iq-«n-b-Xv aq-¶p-]-Xn-äm-WvSn-\p-ti-j-am-Wv F-¶-Xp-X-s¶ A-Xn-\p ]n-¶n-ep-Å ln-U³ A-P-WvS hy-à-am-¡p-¶-Xm-bn.

lp-k-bv³ h-c-¨ A-dp-]-Xn-\m-bn-c-¯n-e-[n-Iw Nn-{X-§-tf-¡mÄ A-t±-l-¯n-sâ A-h-km-\-\m-fp-I-fn G-sd NÀ-¨-sN-¿-s¸-«-Xv, te-m-Iw B-Z-cn-¨ H-cp I-em-Im-c-sâ am-\-kn-I-hy-Y-I-fm-bn-cp-¶p. Nn-{X-I-e-bp-sS `q-]-S-¯n C-´y-¡p Xn-f-¡-ta-än-b Po-\n-b-Ên-s\ A-Im-c-W-am-bn th-«-bm-Sn-b-Xv \m-Sn-sâ b-i-Ên-\v I-f-¦-taÂ-¸n-¡p-¶-Xm-bn. X-sâ A-]qÀ-h-§-fm-b s]-bvân-§p-IÄ \-in-¸n-¨-t¸m-gpw ho-Spw Km-e-dn-bpw {]-ZÀ-i-\-im-e-I-fpw B-{I-an-¨-t¸m-gpw a-Xn-bm-b kw-c-£-Ww e-`n-¡m-sX t]m-b lp-k-bv³, H-Sp-hnÂ, K-Xy-´-c-an-Ãm-sX ]-em-b-\w sN-¿p-I-bm-b-n-cp-¶p. Nn-e-cp-sS \n-Kq-V-e-£y-§Ä-¡p-th-WvSn H-cp C-Xn-lm-k-]p-cp-j-\v ]-c-tZ-in-bm-th-WvSn-h-¶-Xv a-tX-X-c-cm-jv-{S-¯-n-\p am-bv-¡m-\m-hm-¯ I-dp-¯ ]m-Sp-I-fm-Wp k-½m-\n-¨-Xv. 

F-Ãm A-À-Y-¯n-epw lp-k-bv-s\ B-«n-¸m-bn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. A-\m-h-iy-ambn-t]m-epw Im-Sn-f-¡p-I-bpw I-e-ln-¡p-I-bpw sN-¿p-¶ _p-²n-Po-hn-k-aq-lw, Xn-aÀ-¯m-Sn-b ^m-jn-k-¯n-sâ `o-I-c-X-sb I-WvSn-sÃ-¶p \-Sn-¨-Xpw \o-Xn-¡p-th-WvSn-bp-Å H-cp h-tbm-hr-²-sâ i-Ðw tI-«n-sÃ-¶p `m-hn-¨-Xpw kmw-kv-Im-cn-I PoÀ-W-X-bp-sS B-gw sh-fn-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xm-bn. Cu sIm-e-sh-dn-bn-eq-sS tem-I-¯n-\p ap-¶n A-]-am-\n-X-am-b-Xv H-cp cm-Py-hpw A-Xn-sâ P-\m-[n-]-Xy-a-q-ey-§-fp-am-bn-cp-¶p. 

`-c-W-L-S-\-bv-¡-Xo-X-am-bn B-hn-jv-Im-c-kzm-X-{´y-s¯ N-§-e-bv-¡n-Sm-\pw I-em-Im-c-s\ A-Sn-a-¯-¯n-te-¡p \-bn-¡m-\p-ap-Å ssI-bq-¡n-sâ amÀ-K-am-bn-cp-¶p Fw F-^v lp-k-bv-s\ J-¯À ]u-c-\m-bn ]-cn-hÀ-¯-\w sN-bv-X-Xv. lp-k-bv-s\-Xn-cm-b G-Xm-\pw tI-kp-IÄ X-Ån-¡-f-ªp-sIm-WvSv, "A-Ú³-am-cm-b B-fp-IÄ I-e-bp-sS ta \-S-¯p-¶ ssI-tb-äw \-s½ \-thm-°m-\-¯n-\p ap-¼p-Å- Im-e-L-«-¯n-te-¡m-Wp sIm-WvSp-t]m-hp-¶-Xv' F-¶v, UÂ-ln ssl-t¡m-S-Xn-bn-se P-kv-än-kv IuÄ \-S-¯n-b ]-cm-aÀ-iw {i-t²-b-hpw \³-a-sb D-WÀ-¯p-¶-Xp-am-bn. P-\m-[n-]-Xy-¯n-sâ B-ßm-hv _-lp-ap-J-Xz-am-sW-¶pw A-t±-lw F-Sp-¯p-Im-«n. 

H-cp P-\m-[n-]-Xy-{I-a-¯n G-sXm-cp I-em-Im-c-\pw A-Sn-Øm-\-]-c-am-b Nn-e A-h-Im-i-§-fp-WvSv. B-hn-jv-Im-c-kzm-X-{´y-am-Wv A-Xn {]-[m-\w. ssI-tb-äw, ]o-U-\-§Ä Xp-S-§n-b-h-bnÂ-\n-¶p-Å kw-c-£-W-hpw A-h-Im-i-¯nÂ-s¸-«-Xp-X-s¶. C-h-sbm-¶pw e-`y-a-Ãm-sX h-¶-t¸m-gm-Wv \n-Ê-lm-b-\m-b Fw F-^v kz-c-£-bv-¡m-bn a-säm-cp cm-Pys-¯ ]uc-\m-hm³ \nÀ-_-Ôn-X-\m-b-Xv. "J-¯À C-S-¯m-h-fw am-{X-am-Wv; C-´y-bm-Wv F-sâ Øn-cw Xm-h-f-sa-¶' lp-k-bv-sâ hm-¡p-IÄ \-ap-¡n-hn-sS Hm-À-¡mw. P-\n-¨ a-®n-te-¡p a-S-§n-sb-¯m-\p-Å A-Z-ay-am-b B-{K-lw \n-d-th-äm-\m-hm-sX-bm-Wv A-h-km-\-izm-kw h-sc P-·-`q-an-sb kv-t\-ln-¨ A-a-c-\m-b B I-em-Im-c³ tem-I-t¯m-Sp hn-S-]-d-ª-Xv.

C-Xv 95 h-b-Êp-WvSm-bn-cp-¶ H-cp Úm-\-hr-²-sâ kz-Im-cy-Zpx-J-am-b-à ti-jn-¡p-¶-Xv. a-dn-¨v, H-cp cm-jv-{S-¯n-sâ-bm-s-I \n-dp-I-bn ]-Xn-¨ Xo-cm-I-f-¦-am-Wv. C-´y-bp-sS kmw-kv-Im-cn-I-Po-hn-X-¯n- \q-äm-WvSp-I-fm-bn sh-fn-¨w ]-SÀ-¯n tim-`n-¨ aq-ey-§-fp-sS t\À-¡p-Å ssI-tb-ä-am-bn-cp-¶p. I-e-bp-sS kq-cy-tX-P-Êp-I-sf Pm-Xn, a-X ]-cn-th-jw \Â-In \n-jv-Im-kn-X-cm-¡m³ {i-an-¡p-¶-hÀ N-cn-{X-s¯-bm-Wp hn-Ir-X-am-¡p-¶-Xv. Fw F-^v lp-k-bv-sâ ]-c-tZ-i ]-em-b-\-¯n-eq-sS kw-`-hn-¨-Xv C-cp-WvS bp-K-§-fn-te-¡p-Å Xn-cn-¨p-t]m-¡m-bn-cp-¶p. B-«n³-Ip-«n-sb sN-¶m-b-bm-¡n am-äm³ \-S-¯-n-b t_m-[-]qÀ-h-hpw A-]-lm-ky-hp-am-b {i-a-§-fm-Wv Cu \m-Sn-sâ ap-Jw hn-Ir-X-am-¡n-b-Xv. 

J-Pp-cm-tlm-bn-se-bpw sIm-WmÀ-¡n-se-bpw l-e-t_-Un-bn-se-bpw Np-hÀ-Nn-{X-§-fn-epw {im-h-W _-e-sKm-f-bn-se F¬-]-X-Sn D-b-c-ap-Å inÂ-¸-¯n-epw \-á-X Im-Wm-sX, `m-c-Xo-b-]m-c-¼-cy-§Ä ap-dp-sI-¸n-Sn-¨v lp-k-bv³ h-c-¨ Nn-{X-§Ä-¡v- A-Ço-e-¯n-sâ hym-Jym-\-§Ä- \Â-Im³ {i-an-¨-hÀ tem-I-¯n-\p ap-¶n Xo-sc sN-dp-Xm-bn-t¸m-bn F-¶-X-tà k-Xyw? 

cm-Py-s¯ G-ä-hpw B-Z-c-Wo-b-\m-b Nn-{X-Im-c-s\ Xn-®-_-e-¯n-eq-sS A-\m-Y-am-¡n-b-hÀ in-Yn-e-am-¡n-b-Xv `n-¶-kw-kv-Ir-Xn-I-fp-Å \-½p-sS ]-hn-{X-am-b P-\m-[n-]-Xy hy-h-Ø-n-Xn-sb-bm-Wv. C-´y-sb-¡p-dn-¨v Hm-À-¡p-t¼m-gpw ]-d-bp-t¼m-gpw I-®-oÀ-¨m-ep-IÄ H-gp-¡n-b Nn-{X-I-e-bp-sS B-Nm-cy-t\m-Sv \o-Xn Im-«n-bn-sÃ-¶ Ip-ä-t_m-[w-sIm-WvSp Ip-\n-b-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p Cu cm-jv-{S-¯n-sâ in-c-Êv. lp-k-bv³ hn-S-]-d-ªv hÀ-jw ]n-¶n-Sp-t¼m-gpw P-\m-[n-]-Xy-¯n-\p-ta ^m-jn-kw \-S-¯n-b ssI-tb-ä-¯n-sâ ap-dn-hp-IÄ \-s½ th-Z-\n-¸n-¨p-sIm-tWvS-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. 

a¬-a-d-sª-¦n-epw Im-em-Xo-X-am-bn \n-e-sIm-Åp-¶-Xm-Wv a-Jv-_q ^n-Zm lp-k-bv-sâ I-e-bpw Po-hn-X-hpw, tem-I-¯n-s\-¶pw h-gn-Im-«n-bm-bn.